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1. • CommentRowNumber1.
   • CommentAuthorjoe.hannon
   • CommentTimeAug 8th 2013
   • (edited Aug 8th 2013)
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   Author: joe.hannon
   Format: MarkdownItexAt [scheme](http://nlab.mathforge.org/nlab/show/scheme), the definition of a $k$-ring notates the category as $k/Ring$ and says it's a pair $(R,f\colon k\to R),$ with $f$ a $k$-algebra homomorphism. Is this correct? What does this mean? We can obviously view $R$ as a $k$-algebra _by means of the action by $f$_. How can we say that $f$ is itself a $k$-linear map? With respect to what $k$-action on $R$? It's somehow circular. Perhaps does it mean to say something more like "a $k$-ring is an object in the undercategory $k/Ring$, so objects are _all_ pairs $(R,f\colon k\to R)$ (no restriction on $f$), and morphisms are $k$-algebra homomorphisms"?

   At scheme, the definition of a -ring notates the category as and says it’s a pair with a -algebra homomorphism. Is this correct? What does this mean? We can obviously view as a -algebra by means of the action by . How can we say that is itself a -linear map? With respect to what -action on ? It’s somehow circular.

   Perhaps does it mean to say something more like “a -ring is an object in the undercategory , so objects are all pairs (no restriction on ), and morphisms are -algebra homomorphisms”?

2. • CommentRowNumber2.
   • CommentAuthorTodd_Trimble
   • CommentTimeAug 8th 2013
   • (edited Aug 8th 2013)
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   Author: Todd_Trimble
   Format: MarkdownItexIt should have said, "with $f$ a (commutative) ring homomorphism". With that in place, $R$ acquires a $k$-module structure by means of the formula $s \cdot x \coloneqq f(s)x$ where $s \in k$ and $x \in R$, and we are using the ring multiplication on $R$ to define the right side of the formula. Moreover, $R$ becomes a $k$-algebra assuming, as we are, that the rings in question are commutative. In other words, each element $r \in R$ induces a scalar multiplication $x \mapsto r x$ which preserves the $k$-linear structure on $R$, since $r (s \cdot x) = r f(s) x = f(s) (r x) = s \cdot (r x)$. I'll go in and correct, since I need to do something there anyway.

   It should have said, “with a (commutative) ring homomorphism”.

   With that in place, acquires a -module structure by means of the formula where and , and we are using the ring multiplication on to define the right side of the formula. Moreover, becomes a -algebra assuming, as we are, that the rings in question are commutative. In other words, each element induces a scalar multiplication which preserves the -linear structure on , since .

   I’ll go in and correct, since I need to do something there anyway.

3. • CommentRowNumber3.
   • CommentAuthorjoe.hannon
   • CommentTimeAug 8th 2013
   • (edited Aug 8th 2013)
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   Author: joe.hannon
   Format: MarkdownItexThank you, Todd. That's what I thought. And in the preceding sentence: "category of associative $k$-algebras which are rings". Is that redundant? Are there some associative algebras which are not rings? Couldn't we just say "category of associative $k$-algebras and $k$-linear homomorphisms", and then remark that this is the standard undercategory $k/Ring$? Maybe I'll just make the edit, can you see if you like it?

   Thank you, Todd. That’s what I thought. And in the preceding sentence: “category of associative -algebras which are rings”. Is that redundant? Are there some associative algebras which are not rings? Couldn’t we just say “category of associative -algebras and -linear homomorphisms”, and then remark that this is the standard undercategory ? Maybe I’ll just make the edit, can you see if you like it?

4. • CommentRowNumber4.
   • CommentAuthorTodd_Trimble
   • CommentTimeAug 8th 2013
   • (edited Aug 8th 2013)
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   Author: Todd_Trimble
   Format: MarkdownItexWell, I agree, it's a somewhat odd thing to write and I'm not quite sure what the point is supposed to be, unless it's that associativity algebras are _a fortiori_ possibly non-commutative rings and here "ring" always means commutative ring. The business boils down to "the category of commutative $k$-algebras and their homomorphisms is equivalent to the undercategory $k/CRing$", and that's what I'd write. Edit: I took a quick look, and didn't see anything wrong.

   Well, I agree, it’s a somewhat odd thing to write and I’m not quite sure what the point is supposed to be, unless it’s that associativity algebras are a fortiori possibly non-commutative rings and here “ring” always means commutative ring. The business boils down to “the category of commutative -algebras and their homomorphisms is equivalent to the undercategory ”, and that’s what I’d write.

   Edit: I took a quick look, and didn’t see anything wrong.