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nLab > Latest Changes: Kaluza-Klein mechanism

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    • CommentRowNumber1.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeOct 1st 2010

    recently there were some questions about it here on the nForum: now there is an entry on the Kaluza-Klein mechanism

    • CommentRowNumber2.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeSep 7th 2013
    • (edited Sep 7th 2013)

    inspired by this Physics.SE question I went through the entry Kaluza-Klein mechanism and polished and slightly expanded throughout.

    Then I added another Examples-subsection: Cascades of KK-reductions from holographic boundaries.

    • CommentRowNumber3.
    • CommentAuthorDavid_Corfield
    • CommentTimeSep 9th 2013

    Probably a wrong thought, but when I see geometric Langlands result from such a cascade of reductions and dualities, it sounds like it’s quite a way along the direction of concrete particularity. But if geometric Langlands is one Rosetta stone dialectic version of some theory, another of whose versions is arithmetic Langlands, shouldn’t we expect the latter to be similarly concretely particular? And then, wouldn’t that suggest an arithmetic analogue to the larger, less particular space of quantum field theories being related in the cascade?

    • CommentRowNumber4.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeSep 9th 2013
    • (edited Sep 9th 2013)

    Yes, that seems to be an evident big-scale conjecture. One term that comes to mind as a potential part of a potential answer is: p-adic physics.

    While an evident conjecture, I am not aware that anyone has tried to make the connection. Or maybe someone has? I’d be interested in seeing references.

    • CommentRowNumber5.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeSep 9th 2013
    • (edited Sep 9th 2013)

    Hm, googling for this does yield some results. Many seem to be a bit dubious, though. Not sure about the following preprint here, but at least it does seem to try to connect pp-adic string theory with number theoretic Langlands duality:

    • Michele Nardelli, On the link between the structure of A-branes observed in the homological mirror symmetry and the classical theory of automorphic forms: mathematical connections with the modular elliptic curves, pp-adic and adelic numbers and pp-adic and adelic strings, in p-adic and adelic physics (pdf)
    • CommentRowNumber6.
    • CommentAuthorDavid_Corfield
    • CommentTimeSep 9th 2013

    I see Kapustin has a student – Kevin Setter – who has fairly recently finished his thesis extending Kapustin & Witten on geometric Langlands. The introductory first 8 pages gives a clear account. He finds an equivalence of 2-categories of boundary conditions for two 3d gauged topological sigma models.

    • CommentRowNumber7.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeSep 9th 2013
    • (edited Sep 9th 2013)

    Thanks, I have now added that citation here.

    But I thought you were after the non-geometric number-theoretic Langlands duality realized in physics. This thesis doesn’t mention that, or does it?

    • CommentRowNumber8.
    • CommentAuthorDavid_Corfield
    • CommentTimeSep 9th 2013

    Sure, it doesn’t mention that. I just came across the thesis and hadn’t heard of it, so thought to mention it. On the other hand, if there is a great Rosetta analogy to be had, understanding Kapustin-Witten by generalising in this way may help pick up the analogues on the arithmetic side.

    From my small search into the original issue, I should think Tamas Hausel’s work might give some pointers. E.g., Global topology of the Hitchin system

    Abstract: Here we survey several results and conjectures on the cohomology of the total space of the Hitchin system: the moduli space of semi-stable rank n and degree d Higgs bundles on a complex algebraic curve C. The picture emerging is a dynamic mixture of ideas originating in theoretical physics such as gauge theory and mirror symmetry, Weil conjectures in arithmetic algebraic geometry, representation theory of finite groups of Lie type and Langlands duality in number theory,

    where he writes

    Our studies will lead us into a circle of ideas relating arithmetic and the Langlands program to the physical ideas from gauge theory, S-duality and mirror symmetry in the study of the global topology of the Hitchin system. This could be considered the hyperkahler analogue of the fascinating parallels between the arithmetic approach of Harder-Narasimhan and the gauge theoretical approach of Atiyah-Bott in the study of H(N).

    Also a talk Arithmetic and physics in discrete algebraic geometry.

    • CommentRowNumber9.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeSep 9th 2013

    Thanks. I have just glanced over it. Looks good. But this is still just on the geometric Langlands duality, isn’t it? Hausel’s main point is that Kapustin-Witten’s S-duality realization may also be thought of in terms of T-duality and mirror symmetry. But it’s still the geometric version, not the number-theoretic version. Or maybe I am missing something, of course.

    • CommentRowNumber10.
    • CommentAuthorDavid_Corfield
    • CommentTimeSep 10th 2013

    To take the Hegelian path, if something like your four axiom account of synthetic QFT (and I guess you might be able to update axiom 4 now) is right, then we should expect any arithmetic Rosetta analogue of ordinary QFT to work via arithmetic forms of cohesion.

    And if such a thing exists, shouldn’t we be stumbling over 1000s of traces of such arithmetic analogues? Maybe we are, e.g.,

    • the orbit method/Beilinson-Bernstein being used in p-adic and arithmetic situations
    • etale cohomology in rigid geometry, etc.
    • CommentRowNumber11.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeSep 10th 2013

    Yes, probably.

    • CommentRowNumber12.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeJul 1st 2014
    • (edited Jul 1st 2014)

    added a section KK-compactification – Formalization with the following comments:

    KK-compactification along trivial fibrations is closely related to forming mapping stacks: if Fields n\mathbf{Fields}_n is the moduli stack of fields] for an nn-dimensional field theory (see at prequantum field theory for more on this), then for Σ k\Sigma_{k} a kk-dimensional manifold with k<nk \lt n the mapping stack

    Fields n−k≔[Σ k,Fields] \mathbf{Fields}_{n-k} \coloneqq [\Sigma_k, \mathbf{Fields}]

    may be thought of as the moduli stack of fields for an (n−k)(n-k)-dimensional field theory. By the definition universal property of the mapping stack, this lower dimensional field theory is then such that a field configiuration over an (n−k)(n-k)-dimensional spacetime X n−kX_{n-k}

    ϕ:X n−k⟶Fields n−k \phi \colon X_{n-k} \longrightarrow \mathbf{Fields}_{n-k}

    is equivalently a field configuration of the nn-dimensional field theory

    X n−k×Σ k⟶Fields n X_{n-k} \times \Sigma_k \longrightarrow \mathbf{Fields}_n

    on the product space X n−k×Σ kX_{n-k}\times \Sigma_k (the trivial Σ k\Sigma_{k}-fiber bundle over X n−kX_{n-k}).

    Traditionally KK-reduction is understood as retaining only parts of Fields n−k\mathbf{Fields}_{n-k} (the “0-modes” of fields on Σ k\Sigma_k only) but of course one may consider arbitrary corrections to this picture and eventially retain the full information.

    One example of KK-reduction where the full mapping stack appears is the reduction of topologically twisted N=4 D=4 super Yang-Mills theory on a complex curve CC as it appears in the explanation of geometric Langlands duality as a special case of S-duality (Witten 08, section 6). Here Fields 4=BG conn\mathbf{Fields}_4 = \mathbf{B}G_{\mathrm{conn}} is the universal moduli stack of GG-principal connections (or rther that of GG-Higgs bundles).

    • CommentRowNumber13.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeJan 30th 2015

    I have added two paragraphs to the Idea-section at KK-compactification, mentioning relation to geometrodynamics and the issue of moduli stabilization. Also cross-linked.

    • CommentRowNumber14.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeApr 1st 2018

    Edit to: Kaluza-Klein mechanism by Urs Schreiber at 2018-04-01 01:23:26 UTC.

    Author comments:

    added pointer to textbook by Ibanez-Uranga

    • CommentRowNumber15.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeNov 17th 2018
    • (edited Nov 17th 2018)

    added further Examples-section on KK-reduction in thermal field theory (here)

    diff, v47, current

    • CommentRowNumber16.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeNov 12th 2019

    added pointer to

    diff, v52, current

    • CommentRowNumber17.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeDec 17th 2019

    added pointer to today’s

    diff, v53, current

    • CommentRowNumber18.
    • CommentAuthorDavid_Corfield
    • CommentTimeDec 17th 2019

    I take it that the idea of this higher Kaluza-Klein theory is already contained in the section Formalization, at least in the case of trivial fibrations.

    • CommentRowNumber19.
    • CommentAuthorLuigi
    • CommentTimeDec 18th 2019

    @David_Corfield

    What i called “higher Kaluza-Klein reduction” in the paper is nothing but a particular case of double dimensional reduction via cyclic loop space :)

    • CommentRowNumber20.
    • CommentAuthorDavid_Corfield
    • CommentTimeDec 18th 2019

    Ah, OK. Maybe someone could spell out the relation between that section and the previous one double dimension reduction via fiber integration in ordinary differential cohomology, and the latter’s relation to Kaluza-Klein mechanism: Formalization.

    • CommentRowNumber21.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeMay 4th 2020
    • (edited May 4th 2020)

    added pointer to:

    diff, v56, current

    • CommentRowNumber22.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeMay 10th 2021

    added pointer to these two of today’s preprints:

    • Joao Baptista, Higher-dimensional routes to the Standard Model bosons (arXiv:2105.02899)

    • Joao Baptista, Higher-dimensional routes to the Standard Model fermions (arXiv:2105.02901)

    diff, v65, current

    • CommentRowNumber23.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeDec 8th 2022

    added DOI-link to this item:

    diff, v68, current

    • CommentRowNumber24.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeDec 8th 2022

    added publication data to this item:

    diff, v68, current

    • CommentRowNumber25.
    • CommentAuthorperezl.alonso
    • CommentTimeDec 18th 2023

    I recently came across hep-th/0508046, and it contains a very curious proposal (c.f. Section 5, around Eq. 30) regarding extra-dimensions. Has this idea been taken seriously anywhere else? This paper seems to have only two citations, but the same idea might have appeared somewhere else.

    • CommentRowNumber26.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeJan 11th 2024
    • (edited Jan 12th 2024)

    Re #25: I don’t really know, but I just happened to have a conversation with David Chester who says he is thinking about phenomenology of theories with 3 time directions.

    There is this article by him and collaborators

    with this talk by Alessio Marrani at M-Theory and Mathematics, but from what David Chester was saying they may have more insights now. If you like, I can connect you to him by email.

    • CommentRowNumber27.
    • CommentAuthorperezl.alonso
    • CommentTimeJan 11th 2024

    Hi Urs,

    Sure, that would be most helpful.

    • CommentRowNumber28.
    • CommentAuthorUrs
    • CommentTimeJan 12th 2024

    Okay, I have sent an email cc-ed to both of you.

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